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KMID : 1039620240140010019
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Korean Journal of Family Practice
2024 Volume.14 No. 1 p.19 ~ p.27
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Pulse Pressure Index as an Indicator of Risk for Cardiovascular Disease, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Adults with Hypertension: the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2019?2021
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Kim Ju-Yeon
Chang Han-Gyeol
Cho Seung-Hwan
Park Ji-Eun
Ryu Tae-Jong
Cho Jae-Bum
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Abstract
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Background: Pulse pressure, reflecting arterial wall stiffness, is a cardiovascular disease risk factor but is highly variable. This study investigated the association of the pulse pressure index (PPI) with 10-year cardiovascular disease risk and its clinical utility by examining its correlations with diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3,604 hypertensive adults (30?79 years) from the 2019?2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We categorized PPI as <30, 30 to 40, 40 to 50, and ≥50. The Framingham risk score assessed 10-year cardiovascular disease risk, and multiple regressions analyzed its relationship with the PPI category. Binary logistic regressions evaluated the relationship between PPI, DM, and CKD.
Results: Adjusted for other variables, higher PPI levels are associated with an increased 10-year cardiovascular disease
risk (P<0.001). PPI ≥50 was associated with CKD, and all PPI groups, except <30, were associated with DM.
Conclusion: PPI predicts 10-year CVD risk and is associated with DM presence. PPI can be considered a risk factor for both cardiovascular disease and DM. Additionally, PPI ≥50 is associated with CKD.
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KEYWORD
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Vascular Stiffness, Hypertension, Pulse Pressure Index, Cardiovascular Disease, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Diabetes Mellitus
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